[概括大意]本部分为1篇300～450词的短文，有两项测试任务：(1)短文后有6个段落小标题，应试者根据文章的内容为其中指定的4个段落各选择一个正确的小标题；(2)短文后有4个不完整的句子，应试者在所...+阅读

在写作当中，很多学生感到无话可说，无东西可写。东拼西凑起来的文章，干干巴巴，空洞无物，读来让人味同嚼蜡。究其原因，大概主要是对生活观察不够，缺乏足够的积累。同时，缺少必要的手段，也是文章空洞无物的重要原因。

那么怎样让文章充实起来呢？把概括的叙述具体化，就是一种行之有效的方法。

叙述有概括和具体之分，两种手法各有其功用。该概括时要概括，该具体时要具体。但是，如果一味的使用概括叙述，就会造成文章的干瘪空洞。例如，有的同学写母亲时，就给母亲戴了一大堆高帽：母亲特别勤劳，每天起早睡晚，忙这忙那。母亲生活也十分俭朴，虽然眼下生活条件好多了，但母亲从不乱花一分钱……这样写，虽然也能表现出母亲的某些特点，但是，这好象是在给母亲下定义，母亲的形象是公式化的，给人的印象也是不具体的。这时如果把概括的叙述具体化（即用具体的事件代替概括的叙述），文章就会充实起来，人物的形象也会鲜活起来。

例如，一位同学在《心中，那朵无暇的云》中写老师给他的印象时，这样写到：“老师脾气特好，待我们就象大姐姐一般。千盼万盼的美术课上，她用温柔而灵巧得手，在我们心中描绘出一幅幅绚烂的图画，唤起我们对生活热烈而美好向往。”老师的脾气特好，怎么个好法？待我们像大姐姐，究竟怎么对待的？这些都是很概括的叙述。不仅文章很空，也未能充分写出老师的个性特点。讲评时，我指导学生运用这种方法，对这部分内容作了如下修改：“老师脾气特好，待我们就象大姐姐一般。即使我们做错了事，甚至惹了祸，她也从未发过火，而总是用她那潺潺流水般的语调开导我们。记得那次我们在她的画室里玩，不小心弄洒了她的水彩，还把她那幅即将创作完毕的春景图给污染了。我们心知闯了大祸，呆呆的望着她。她的脸上，瞬间掠过一丝不易察觉的表情。随即她迅速走到我们跟前，轻轻抚摩着我们的头说：”没事的，不就是一幅画吗？老师是专业的，再画一幅不就完了吗？‘他故意说的是那么轻巧。可我们知道，那幅画是她用几个星期画的呀！“这样写，用具体的事件来表现老师的脾气，不仅内容充实了，老师的个性也得到了充分的表现。

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