[我国妇女劳动权益保护遭遇挑战]男女在身体结构和生理素质方面存在先天不同，加上妇女担负着生育子女的社会使命，因此，世界各国普遍对女性进行劳动权益保护。记者从７月１１日在上海召开的“妇女劳动权益保护与公益法...+阅读
introduction】
美国，伊里诺斯州的一个女孩，上星期被拘留了2次。难道是她攻击别人？不是，因在公共场合拥抱2位朋友违反校规而致。
【section one】article
where students can't hug
megan coulter, a mascoutah, ill., eighth-grader, served two after-school detentions last week. her offense? hugging two friends and therefore violating the mascoutah middle school's ban on public displays of affection.
coulter's case drew dozens of newspaper headlines and landed her on nbc's today show.but it also illustrates a key challenge facing america's schools: when is a hug inappropriate — or "extreme," as its been dubbed by some administrators? and, more broadly, how far should schools go in policing the behior of a generation that often takes its social cues from paris hilton and britney spears?
student-on-student public displays of affection (pdas) he long been problematic for school administrators and parents. experts say anti-pda policies he existed for nearly two decades, although it's not known how many schools and school districts he imposed such rules. in 1999, a u.s. supreme court ruling held schools responsible for creating environments free of harassment among students; that decision then led many lawsuit-erse administrators to ban most forms of student contact — except, of course, for high-contact sports like football and wrestling. among the most extreme policies is in vienna, va., where the kilmer middle school has a blanket "no contact" rule that bans even high-fives. the fossil hill middle school in fort worth, texas, has banned students from hugging and holding hands. earlier this year, the percy julian middle school in oak park, illinois, banned hugs.
other schools he a broad ban on "inappropriate displays of affection," or ipdas. proponents say it gives school administrators more discretion in interpreting what constitutes "inappropriate" behior. yet that same discretion potentially exposes administrators to accusations of unfairly targeting, say, a latina for braiding a friend's hair, or for showing foritism by failing to reprimand the football team's quarterback who playfully smacks a teammate's back after a win.
practical considerations — like hallway traffic control — are behind some of these no-contact measures. for example, at iowa city, iowa's south east junior high school, girls who hadn't seen each other for an entire 42-minute class often stopped to hug each other in hallways during the four-minute break between classes. the hugging clogged the 700-student school's hallways. so deb wretman, the principal, developed a "hands-off, or handshake" slogan to limit greetings to a handshake. (she is loath to call it a "policy," and points out that "you won't find anything in our handbook that refers to 'no hugs' or 'public displays of affection.'") while there's no penalty for "violating the slogan," wretman says the effort has significantly reduced hallway congestion.
under the most extreme anti-pda policies, however, even a student who hugs a friend whose parent has just died could potentially face suspension. the lack of nuance in such policies bothers critics like lisa graybill, legal director for the american civil liberties union's texas chapter. "preventing harassment and teaching kids to respect each other is important, but hing yet another reason for kids' behior to be criminalized is unnecessary," she says. "it's draconian to ban all forms of touch."
megan coulter's case began in earnest at a sports event a couple of weeks ago. her parents say her southern illinois school's vice principal asked her and a male friend to stop hugging. then, on nov. 2, megan stood near a bus in the school's parking lot and put her arm around a male friend's shoulder. the vice principal, who did not return calls seeking ment, immediately issued a detention order. minutes later, as megan walked across the school's front lawn, a female friend ge her a hug. the vice principal issued the second detention order.
"i honestly think i shouldn't he been punished, because the hugs were nothing inappropriate," megan, 13, said in a today show interview, her face expressionless, her brown hair pulled back, one hand clutching her mother's. "there wasn't bodies pressed up against each other."
now, says her mother melissa coulter, megan is being shunned by friends, whose parents deem her a "bad influence." yet the coulters say they still support anti-pda policies, particularly for teenagers. "i don't want them to be all over each other in the hallways," melissa coulter told time on sunday. "we just need to clarify how they apply it. maybe the administrators weren't given enough latitude in using their judgment." the coulters are waiting to see if megan's school reviews the policy for the next year. if that does not happen, they will take the issue to the school board.
【section two】vocabulary
1. hugn.拥抱
2. detentionn.拘留, 禁闭, 阻止, 滞留, 留堂
3. violatevt.违犯, 冒犯, 干扰, 违反, 妨碍, 侵犯
4. problematicadj.问题的, 有疑问的
5. loathadj.不情愿的, 勉强的
6. penaltyn.处罚, 罚款
7. slogann.口号, 标语
8. suspensionn.吊, 悬浮, 暂停, 中止, 延迟
9. nuancen.细微差别
10. harassmentn.折磨
11. expressionlessadj.无表情的
【section three】homework
1. please translate the blue sentence into chinese.
"coulter's case drew dozens of newspaper headlines and landed her on nbc's today show."
2. was football or wrestling banned as high-contact sports by many lawsuit-erse administrators?
3. what's happened to megan? why she got two detention orders? do you think it is reasonable?
参考答案:
1. coulter的这件事成了很多报纸的头条新闻，同时还请她参加nbc当天的节目秀。
2. no, the football or wrestling was not banned. "the decision then led many lawsuit-erse administrators to ban most forms of student contact — except, of course, for high-contact sports like football and wrestling."
3. free talk, no standard answer.
以下为关联文档：
国际法的进展与挑战――访北京大学法学院教授白桂梅 记者：“对妇女的暴力行为”在法律上的定义是什么？ 白桂梅：这是一个有争论的问题。在国际妇女人权运动逐步走向深入的形势下，对它的认识也是在不...
学会合作——读《学校的挑战——创建学习共同体》后感寒假，拜读了《学校的挑战 创建学习共同体》这本书。作者是一名日本教授，走访了全日本各地的幼儿园、小学、初中、高中和养护学校，与一线教师合作，直面学校改革的挑战，精心编制了...
低年级的上课原则——读《学校的挑战创建学校共同体》陆永芬，第二部分《 学习共同体 的创造 学校改革的案例报告》，佐藤学先生例举了日本16所中小学进行了改革，分析了学校了历史、改革的方案与效果。生动地展示了 学校改革的传统与...
尊重才精彩——读《学校的挑战——创建学习共同体》有我们常常会用到精彩一词，如果用到幼儿园集体活动中，那就是精彩活动，什么样的活动能够称为 精彩的活动 。书中有这样一段给予我很大的启示： 精彩 并不是指教师 上课 的优劣，而是指...
尊重每个儿童，知道更要做到——读《学校的挑战创建学陆永芬，该书第三部分是《对校本研修的建言》。校本研修，一个多么熟悉的名词。刚刚经历了年末材料的整理，校本研修，在我心中就是一次又一次的学校组织的研讨、学习。但是，当我看到...
寻宝大挑战爸爸妈妈，你说哪里会有宝藏呢，我们一起去寻宝吧，当孩子和你提到一个这样的建议时，你愿意和孩子一起重温儿时的美好时光吗？虽然现在的电脑游戏精彩丰呈，但当你和孩子一起走进大自然...
给孩子必要的帮助，充分的信任，激励孩子勇敢迎接挑战1. 为何青少年心理问题频频发生？引发青少年心理问题的原因是多方面的。（1）社会因素：社会转型时期，工作、生活节奏的加快。经济社会的快速发展，也给每位社会成员带来一定压力。信息...
让每一个孩子都能感受到接纳和响应——读《学校的挑战《学校的挑战》这本书对我又很大的启发。书中这样写道 在这间教室里，每一个儿童都拥有安心感和期待感，因为任何一个提问或是发言都会得到大家的接纳和响应。 在美术活动《美丽...
抓住机遇 迎接挑战 再攀高峰济空机关幼儿园于1953年建园，多年来，在部队首长的亲切关怀和机关的大力支持下，在省市区各级教育部门的指导帮助下，全面贯彻党的教育方针，坚持“一切为了孩子，一切为了部队”的办园...
