[主语从句的用法]主语从句可以按其引导词的不同分为三类： 第一类，用从属连词that引导的主语从句，例如： That we shall be late is certain. That the driver could not control his car was obvi...+阅读
1、 定语从句在句中修饰某个名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句需用下列关联词： 关系代词 关系副词 起连词作用，本身做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语 起连词作用，本身在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语 who, whom, that, whose, which, as when, where, why
2、 掌握以上关系代词、关系副词的含义及使用时，要特别注意以下几点： 1） 指人时宜用who 的情况： a. 当先行词是 one, ones, anyone 或 those 时，关系代词用 who。
Anyone who goes there will be punished. b. 在there be 开头的句子中。 There's a beautiful girl who came to see you this morning. c. 先行词后有一个较长的定语。 I met a foreigner in the city last week who could speak Chinese well. d. 在非限定性定语从句中。 She has a brother, who worked at that factory ten years ago. 2） 指物时宜用 that 的情况： a. 当先行词为 all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时。
All that can be done has been done. b. 当先行词既指人又指物时。 He spoke of the men and the thing (that) he had seen abroad. c. 当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。 This is one of the best films that I have ever seen. d. 当先行词被 the very, the only, the last, any, every 等修饰时。 This is one of the very book that I am looking for. e. 当先行词是疑问词 who, what, which 时。 Who that has such a home doesn't love it? f. 关系代词在从句中作表语。
Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be. 3） 只能用 which 不能用 that 的情况。 a. 引导非限定性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子。 Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smoking. Tom came back late, which made his parents very angry. b. 关系代词作介词的宾语。This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. 4） 关系代词 as 和which都能引导非限定性定语从句代表整个句子的内容，as 引导的从句可位于句首或句末，which引导的定语从句则不能位于句首。
Which you know, he is a good man. (*) As you know, he is a good man. （√） 6）关系副词when, where, why其含义相当于on which, in which for which等，可以互换： The day when /on which I met him first was May 1st. I don't know the reason why /for which he didn't come. 7)whose指物时，可以与of which等结构互换，但应注意与冠词的位置关系： This is the book the cover of which / of which the cover / whose cover is blue. 8）有时可用代替关系副词。
在口语中常省略。 This is the reason (why / for which / that) he came late. 9）先行词是专有名词、整个句子或世界上独一无二的物质名词时，一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。The sun, which gives us light and heat, is very big. 10）在先行词和定语从句之间有无逗号有时会引起名义的变化： He said nothing that made her angry. 他没说使她生气的话。 He said nothing, which made her angry. 他一言不发，这使她很生气。
3、 定语从句与强调结构 It is the place where they lived before. It is in the place that they lived before. 第一个句子为定语从句，where指代the place，在定语从句中作状语，第二个句子为强调结构，强调in the place, that没有意义，把放回后面句子，句子意思完整。 Where is it that he found the lost watch？ （强调句型，强调疑问副词where.） Where is the watch he found yesterday？ （定语从句，that指代the watch.）
4、 定语从句中的先行词 Is this book the one that you bought yesterday? Is this the book that you bought yesterday？ 第一个句子中，this book是主句的主语，the one是先行词。
在第二个句子中this是主句的主语，the book是先行词。一定要避免出现：Is this book that you bought yesterday?
5、 定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句相当于形容词，它对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用，而同位语从句则相当于名词，对其前面的词给予说明或作进一步解释，即说明该词所表示的具体内容。例如： The news that we heard is not true. （定语从句） The news that he won the prize is not true. （同位语从句） 另： 在“have no idea +从句”结构中，其从句都作idea的同位语。
例如： I have no idea when she will be back.
谁能帮我归纳一下高中定语从句？
]介词和关系代词 1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。 2)that前不能有介词。 3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的＂介词+关系词＂结构可以同关系副词when ,where和why 互换。 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? Do you remember the day when you joined our club? This is the reason why he came late. This is the reason for which he came late. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时 从句常由介词+关系代词引导
（1） The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. = The school in which he once studied is very famous.
(2) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. = Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(3) We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. = We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意： 1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等 T This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T=正确) F This is the watch for which I am looking. (F=错误) 2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose
(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T) The man with that you talked is my friend. (F)
(2) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F) 3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词
（1） He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 关系代词 关系代词
（一般情况下）that 可用who ,whom 和which在从句做主语，谓动词的宾语，但是不能做介词的宾语。 which指物，在从句中作主语，谓语或宾语； who在从句中作主语； whom在从句中宾语； where在从句中修饰表地点的名词，做地点状语； when在从句中通常修饰表时间的名词，做时间状语； why在从句中做原因状语，先行词通常是＂reason＂ 有时why也可用for+which代替。 例：A doctor is a person who looks after people's health. ______ _ _____ _____________________ 主语 谓语 先行词 从句 |________________________| 定语从句修饰先行词 判断介词和关系代词 方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。不及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语，则要求用关系代词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。） （错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. （对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one答案： 例1 D，例2 A 例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held. 在句1中，is后应跟表语，只有the one可以，而后面的you visited a few days ago则做one的定语从句。 而句2中， 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 （who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。
高一从句知识点总结
个人经验
1，从句的本质就是用一个句子来代替一个词。比如名词性从句就是用来当名词的。那名词有哪些作用呢？名词可以当主语，同位语，表语所以才有了什么主语从句之类的。
2.从句性质主句决定，比如一个句子缺了主语那就选择名词从句，如果缺了定语（形容词）就用形容词从句。
3，连接词由从句绝定，从句再怎么样都是一个句子，所以连接词就要根据从句来确定，看从句是缺意思还是缺成分，至于各种连接词有什么作用就靠你自己查阅了。
4，有主句才有从句。要选择从句就要先分析主句的成分。这个就要靠练习了。
PS:1定语从句（形容词从句）最好的方法就是带入法，因为它的作用是形容词就是说一定要有个名词来修饰所以把从句修饰的词带入从句，那个词在从句中做什么成分或表达什么意思就是连接词表达的成分和意思。
2一般来说确定了名词从句答案就是what，除了同位语从句，还有我记得有一次的高考用的which是因为从句的意思是问两个队哪个队可以获胜，这就是有选择性所以用WHICH这也就解释了为什么定语从句不用what，因为定语从句是给定的名词是有选择性的。
3，同位语的判断，主句完整，从句完整，而且有个抽象名词需要解释（比如消息，时间这类你不解释别人无法明白内容的词）就选择that！只有一种特殊的就是I HAVE NO IDEA（我不知道）这个就当成一般的名词从句做，如果一般考试考到了就不要选择that因为那是考官用于迷惑你上当的！
祝你在英语上取得好的成绩
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