[何时必须用that引导定语从句]1)先行词是不定代词:all,few,little, much,something,nothing,anything等。All that we he to do is to practise every day.2)先行词被序数词或形容词级所修饰。The firs...+阅读
先纠正一下提法。what是不能引导定语从句的。that可以引导定语从句。
what只能用来引导名词性从句,比如主语从句,如:What he said was not ture.(他说的不是真的。) 或者宾语从句,如:I don't believe what he said. (我不相信他说的话。)而定语从句属于形容词从句。
(that可以引导的从句类型较多,只回答在定语从句中的用法。)
that作为关系代词,引导定语从句,修饰其先行词。如:All that glitters is not gold. (发光的不都是金子)定语从句that glitters修饰先行词all,起形容词作用,所以定语从句属于形容词从句。在这句话中,that其实是代替了先行词all,在从句中作glitter的主语。that也可以在从句中作宾语,有时可以省略掉,如:The car (that) I hired broke down after five kilometers. (我租来的车五公里后就抛锚了。)that替代car,在从句that I hired中作hire的宾语。
你可以比较以下一组句子。
What I said is true. 我说的是实话。(what引导名词从句,在句中作主语,what前没有任何东西)
All that I said is true.我说的一切是实话。 (that引导定语从句,在句中作定语,all是先行词,that I said修饰all)
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