[创造更适合我们班级孩子的“学讲”英语课]李涛涛 ],自从徐州市推进 学讲计划 以来,一直在努力探索 学讲 之路,在这个过程中,经历了很多困难和挫折,但也意外收获了许多。学讲 课堂重视的是学生自己真实的学习的发生,所以学...+阅读
D
dance
[误] We'll invite you and your wife to a dance party.
[正] We'll invite you and your wife to a dancing party.
[正] We'll invite you and your wife to a dance.
[正] We'll invite you and your wife to a ball.(美语中常用ball作为舞会。)
date
[误] He studied ten hours a date.
[正] He studied ten hours a day.
[析] date是指具体日期。如问What's the date today? 应回答具体日期:"October 1st 1998."而day是指1日(24小时)。如What day is today? 问的是星期几,应回答"It's Sunday."
[误] Today's date is January first. 1998.
[正] Today's date is January 1, 1998.
[正] Today's date is January 1st, 1998.
[析] 在日期书写中不要用序数词全写,而要用1st, 2nd, 3rd……如果一定要用序数词,其顺序应为:It is the first of January.
day
[误] This is a book about every day English.
[正] This is a book about everyday English.
[正] This is an everyday English book.
[误] We go to school everyday.
[正] We go to school every day.
[析] everyday是形容词,意为"日常的",而every day则是"每天"、"天天"之意。
dead
[误] My father has died for ten years.
[正] My father has been dead for ten years.
[析] die是瞬间动词,它可以用于完成时,如:My father has died. 但用于完成时不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。它也可以用于过去时,如:My father died three years ago
[误] We'll always remember the deads who were killed in the war.
[正] We'll always remember the dead who were killed in the war.
[析] 形容词前如加定冠词表示一类人,如the rich(富人),the sick(病人),the poor(穷人),其后的谓语动词要用复数,如:The rich are not always happy.
dead deadly
dead在某些词组里是"完全"、"的确"的意思,如dead right, dead tired, dead sure。而deadly则是"致命的",如:The rich man had many deadly enemies. 又如:Cancer is a deadly disease.
dead died
dead是形容词,如:Mrs Ginty was dead. 而died是动词die的过去式及过去分词,如:She died in 1960.但英语中如表达出对某人去世的伤感说法是pass away, 如:My father passed away, this morning.
deer
[误] In the zoo, there are many deers.
[正] In the zoo, there are many deer.
[析] deer是单、复数同形的词,如:one deer,two deer,这样的名词还有fish,sheep等。但如果讲There are many fishes here. 这句话应译为"这里有许多种鱼类。"而不应译为"这里有很多鱼。"
desk
[误] The boy sat in his desk.
[正] The boy sat at his desk.
[析] 在课桌旁坐着应用介词at, 而at desk 则应译为"在学习",at table应译为"在吃饭"。
die
[误] In South Africa many people died from cancer.
[正] In South Africa many people died of cancer.
[误] The old man died of overwork.
[正] The old man died from overwork.
[析] 死于疾病应用die of,而死于某种外因事故则多用from.
[误] His mother is died.
[正] His mother is dead.
[误] The old woman was dead at the age of seventy.
[正] The old woman died at the age of seventy.
[析] dead是形容词,而die是动词。形容词表示状态,动词则表示动作。
[误] He died in a traffic accident.
[正] He was killed in a traffic accident.
[析] 由于事故而造成的死亡一般用to be killed.
[误] When the doctor came,the old man had already died.
[正] When the doctor came,the old man was already dead.
[正] The old man died before the doctor came.
different
[误] My room is different with yours.
[正] My room is different from yours.
[误] The village is very different with what it was.
[正] The village is very different from what it was.
[析] different from是"与……不同"之意。
difficult
[误] English is very difficult to be learned.
[正] English is very difficult to learn.
[误] He learned physics is difficult.
[正] It is very difficult for him to learn physics.
[析] 要学习英语的表达法而不要生硬地按字去译中文。It is difficult for somebody to do something.为"对于某人来说做某事很困难。"
difficulty
[误] There was little difficulty to find him.
[正] There was little difficulty in finding him.
[析] 这种用法还有trouble, 即difficulty (trouble) in doing something.
dinner
[误] When did you he the supper?
[正] When did you he supper?
[析] 英语中一日三餐前无冠词,例如:
[误] I had a lunch at 12 o'clock.
[正] I had lunch at 12 o'clock.
[析] 在某些特定场合,如指某次宴会,则要加冠词,如:The dinner was given in honour of the guest.
dress
[误] My father bought a new dress for himself yesterday.
[正] My father bought a new suit for himself yesterday.
[析] 一般来讲男套装用suit,女服则用dress;作男服的服装店是tailor shop (tailor's), 而做女装的服装店是dressmaker's.
[误] The mother dressed the clothes on her child.
[正] The mother dressed her child.
[析] dress作及物动词当"穿衣服"讲时,其后不能接衣服而只能接人,如:The boy is still too young to dress himself. 但作为一种穿着打扮的状态时,则多用其过去分词作形容词,如:He is not dressed in his new suit.或She is dressed in red. 词组dress up是过节日时应服装整齐,如:They dressed up for the holiday.
dress he on put on wear
要区别这几个动词需分清是表示动作的动词还是表示状态的动词。表示状态的动词是he on和wear,如:He has on a white coat. He was wearing hey shoes. 而put on则表示穿衣的动作,如:Put on your coat,it is cold outside.而dress即可以作状态又可以作动作,作动作讲时其后面接人而不能接衣服,作穿着状态时则多用dressed的形式。如:I saw a lady dressed in red. I saw a girl dressing herself.
drop
[误] The students fell their voice.
[正] The students dropped their voice.
[析] drop与fall都可以表示"落下、掉下"之意,有时可以互换,如:The dictionary fell (dropped) from the table. 但drop还可以作及物动词,而fall一般只能作不及物动词。
[误] I shall drop in you.
[正] I shall drop in on you.
[析] drop in是随便拜访某人,而其后要接人时应加介词on再加人称。
during
[误] During I was sick,I couldn't eat well.
[正] While I was sick,I couldn't eat well.
[析] during后不能接从句,而when和while后可接从句。
[误] I he been studying English during three days.
[正] I he been studying English for three days.
[析] during不能表达一个动作持续多长的时间,而只能表达在某段时间内某事件的发生。即带有由during引导的时间状语的句子只能用过去时,不能用完成时。
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