1。 表明事件发生的时间顺序： then, first, at once, next,after that, previously, while, when, thefollowing day, etc。 2。 表明文章的组织结构： 1) Listing: firstly, in the first place,secondly, thirdly, my next point is,last/finally, etc。 2) Illustrating: for example/ for instance, toillustrate, an example/ instance of this is,let's take…。。， take…。 for example, etc。 3) Re-stating: in other words, that is to say,to put it another way, let me put it this way,or rather, namely, etc。

4) Referring: in this respect, in thatconnection, as we said, apart from this, etc。 5) Resuming: to resume, to return to theprevious point, getting back to the argument,etc。 6) Summarizing: to sum up, in short, it amountsto this, what I have been saying is this, etc。 7) Emphasizing: it is worth noting, I wouldlike to direct your attention to, let usconsider, we must now turn to, I shall begin by,etc。 3。 表明作者的观点、态度 1) Introducing( or emphasizing) furtherevidence: moreover, furthermore, in addition,what's more, as well, etc。

2) Cause: because (of), since, owing to, onaccount of, due to, as a result of, etc。 3) Effect: as a result, hence, therefore,consequently, thus, so, etc。 4) Contrasting: in / by contrast, on thecontrary, on the other hand, nevertheless,whereas, while, yet, however, but, etc。 5) Comparison: in like manner, likewise, in thesame way, similarly, in comparison with, etc。 6) Purpose: to this end, for this purpose, withthis in mind, in order to, so that, etc。

7) Intensification: indeed, in fact, in anyevent / case, at no time, to tell the truth, etc。