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求化学专业英语翻译!那些你自己都念不通顺的就不要了!

02月10日 编辑 39baobao.com

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Scale-up is defined here as a presentation of the principles of scaling up and scaling down mixing systems.Pilot planting, on the other hand, is a determination of specific experiments and data analysis so that the controlling factors in the process can be uncovered.By knowing the controlling factors, it is possible to use the proper scale-up technique.Natrually,if more than one factor is involved,a consideration of all scale-up parameters must be carried out. In contrast to these two concepts, data from a Demonstration Plant usually yields only one point,and does not usually contain any information as to what would happen above or below the mixing conditions actually studied.扩大的定义是在这里作为一个介绍的原则扩大和缩小的混合系统。

试验种植,另一方面,是一个具体的测定实验和数据分析,控制因素的过程中可以发现。通过了解控制因素,它可能是使用适当的放大技术。自然地,如果有一个以上的因素参与,考虑所有参数必须进行放大。对比两者的概念,数据从一个示范厂通常只产生一个点,与通常不包含任何信息会发生什么的上面或下面的混合条件实际研究。The first approach to scale-up was to use geometric similarity and dimensionless groups. There are 3 types of similarity-geometric, dynamic and kinematic. By working with dynamic similarity there are four groups of forces that are important shown in Table 21.1. There are the inertia force from the mixer and the fluid forces of viscosity, surface tension and gravity. It is impossible to keep the ratio of each the of the individual fluid forces constant in scale-up with the same liquid, which is normally a pilot plant requirement. Therefore, we must pick and choose the ones that are important.第一种方法是利用几何相似放大和无量纲组。

有3种类型的similarity-geometric,动力学和运动学。通过与动态相似性有四个群体的力量,是重要的,见表21.1。有惯性力从混频器和力量的流体的粘度,表面张力和重力。这是不可能的比率保持每一个个别流体的力量不断扩大的液体,通常是一个试验工厂的要求。因此,我们必须选择,选择那些是重要的。There have been some outstanding examples of scale-up solutions by means of these dimensionless groups. For example, in the power consumption of mixers the ratio of the inertia force of the mixer divided by the acceleration of the fluid correlates very well with the Reynolds number (which is the ratio inertia force in the mixer to wiscous forces in the fluid), In theat transfer, the correlation Nusselt as a function of the Reynolds number is another outstanding example. However, the dimensionless process group normally has a process result divided ty some kind of system conductivity or some quantity related to the ease of carrying out the process result. It is not possible to write dmensionless group around very many mixing applications. This technique has limited usefulness in everyday operation.有一些突出的例子放大的解决方案的手段,这些无量纲组。

例如,在电力消费混合器比惯性力的混频器除以加速流体的相关性很好的雷诺兹数(这是比惯性力在搅拌机wiscous部队在流体),小麦转移,相关的努塞尔作为一个功能的雷诺兹数另一个突出的例子。然而,无量纲处理组通常有一个过程的结果分青衣某种系统电导率或一些相关的量便于执行过程的结果。这是不可能写dmensionless群周围很多混合应用。

这种技术的作用有限,在日常操作。Another technique is to obtain one data point at least on some particular scale for the process under consideration. Then everything else can be rationed to that data point. Table 21.2 indictes how some of the ratios involved in mixing systems change on scale-up. As can be seen, it is normally not possible with geometric similarity to maintain the ratio of all the individual mixing parameters constant in scale-up. In fact, gemotric similarity is nothing more than similarity of gemometry, and does not insure the similarity of any other fluid property in the system. It is normally necessary to get some idea of which factors are controlling so that proper scale-up estimation can be made. Some example have been cited preciously. Particularly in the case of fermentation scale-up and the case of a gas-liquid-solid reaction.另一种方法是获得一个数据点至少在某些特定规模的过程中考虑下。

然后一切可以定量数据点。表21.2indictes如何某些比率参与混合系统变化对放大。可以看出,它通常是不可能与几何相似的比值保持所有个人混合参数不断扩大。事实上,几何相似,只不过是gemometry相似,并没有投保的相似的任何其他流体性质的系统。它通常是必要的,以了解哪些因素的控制,适当的规模估计可制成。一些例子被引用的珍贵。

特别是在案件发酵放大的情况及气-液-固反应。有些细节可能翻译得不是很好 还有问题请追问..

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